Preposition

Preposition

1. কোনো স্থান বা অবস্থান বোঝাতে at above, across, against, before, near, behind, in, inside, out, outside, on, over, under, ইত্যাদি Preposition ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
Kamrul is at home.
I am in my class.
He has no roof above his head.
There is an umbrella over my head.
There is a cap on his head.
The man was standing against a wall.
The thief stood before the judge.
A child is walking behind his mother.
He is sitting under a tree.
The bank is just across the road.
He stood near the station.
A beggar is standing outside the door.
2. দিক নির্দেশ বা লক্ষ্য নির্দেশ করতে on, into, on, to, towards, up, down ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He is above me in rank.
He climbed up a tree.
He is going to school .
He fired on the enemy.
He is kind towards the poor.
He walked across road.
3. সম্বন্ধসূচক স্থিতি বা অবস্থান বোঝাতে between, among or, amongst, ইত্যাদি Preposition ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন—
There is no difference amongst us.
There is unity among the boys.
There is a village among the hills.
There is friendship between Kamal and Jamil.
Switzerland lies between France and Germany.
4. লক্ষ্য বোঝাতে to ও from ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He is going to market.
She was going to hospital for treatment.
They are coming from school.
I had a phone call from my cousin.
5. অবস্থান ও অবস্থা বোঝাতে at, in, on, under ইত্যাদি Preposition ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
Translate into English.
Love turned into hatred.
Ice melts into water.
Speak clearly into the microphone.
6. লক্ষ্য বা উদ্দেশ্য বোঝাতে for ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He bought a pen for Nashid.
He has started for Jhenaidah.
He died for his country.
He lives for others.
7. উৎপত্তি ক্ষেত্র বা উত্স বোঝাতে from বা of ব্যবহূত হয় । যেমন:
It is a poem of Nazrul.
This road runs from Dhaka to Sylthet.
He came of a rich family
I borrowed a book from the library.
8. পৃথক হওয়া বা পৃথক করার জন্য from ও off ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
Leaves are falling from the tree.
He is off duty now.
He is away from home.
The dog jumped off the chair.
9. বস্তু ও উপাদান বোঝাতে of, from ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
This chair is made of wood.
Steel is made from iron.
We make butter from milk.
10. কোনো কিছু দ্বারা বা কোনো কিছুর মাধ্যমে একটি কাজ সম্পন্ন হলে তার আগে by, in, with, without ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He came here by car.
This play was written by Minhaj.
He speaks in English.
The house was destroyed by fire.
We see with our eyes.
We can’t see without eyes.
11. কারণ বোঝাতে from, of, for, with ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
My uncle died of cholera.
He died from loss of blood.
He is trembling with fear.
He will suffer for his bad habits.

At-এর ব্যবহার
1. কোনো বিষয়ে দক্ষতা বা অদক্ষতা বোঝাতে at ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
Rima is good at Mathematices.
Lotush is good at typing.
2. কোনো ব্যক্তির বয়স বা পণ্যের মূল্য বোঝাতে তার আগে at ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He left school at the age of 15.
Rice sells at taka 45 a kilo.

In এর ব্যবহার
1. দীর্ঘ সময়ের (seasons, months, years, decades) আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
I was born in March.
Our house was built in the 19th century.
He learnt driving in three months.
He will leave for home in a few hours.
2. দিনের অংশবিশেষ (in the afternoon, in the morning, in the evening) বোঝালে তার আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
I usually get up from bed early in the morning.
He plays football with his friends in the evening.
3. কোনো কিছুর মধ্যে আছে বোঝালে তার আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He lives in a tent.
I live in a room.
Don’t play in the class.
Don’t shout in the classroom.
4. অনেক বেশি আয়তন (cities, states, countries, continents, world, universe) বোঝালে তার আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He lives at a village in France but my uncle lives in London.
Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
5. Hospital, church, school, newspapers, magazine ইত্যাদির আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
I was in a hospital last year.
He wrote an article in the Daily Prothom Alo.
6. কোনো লাইনের অংশবিশেষ বোঝাতে আগে in ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
There is a misprint in the line on page 6.

On-এর ব্যবহার
1. সাধারণত নির্দিষ্ট দিন বা তারিখ ইত্যাদির আগে on ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
We went to a party on Sunday.
Come and see us on Christmas Day.
I have got a meeting on Monday morning.
2. বৈদ্যুতিক সরঞ্জামাদির আগে সাধারণত on ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
He is now talking on phone.
Is there anything good on the television tonight?
3. ডান দিক বা বাঁ দিক বোঝাতে on ব্যবহূত হয়। যেমন:
In England people drive on the left side of the road and not on the right side.